# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Wood Pulp

Wood pulp is a natural fiber derived from trees. It is highly absorbent and provides a soft, comfortable feel. The pulp is processed to remove impurities and ensure it is safe for use in sanitary products.

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAPs are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are often used in conjunction with wood pulp to enhance the absorbency of the pad. SAPs are typically made from sodium polyacrylate, a polymer that can absorb up to 300 times its weight in water.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. These fabrics are made from synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyester, which are bonded together using heat, chemicals, or mechanical processes. Nonwoven fabrics are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against external moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is a common material used for the back sheet. It is a lightweight, flexible plastic that is impermeable to liquids, ensuring that menstrual fluid does not leak through the pad. The film is often treated to be breathable, allowing air to circulate and reducing the risk of skin irritation.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary pad in place within the underwear.

### Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are typically used for this purpose. These adhesives are designed to stick firmly to fabric when pressure is applied, ensuring the pad stays in place during use. They are also formulated to be easily removable, allowing for comfortable and clean removal of the pad.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before the pad is used.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper is commonly used as release paper. The silicone coating prevents the adhesive from sticking to the paper, allowing it to be easily peeled away when the pad is ready to be used. This ensures that the adhesive remains effective until the pad is applied.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to provide optimal comfort, absorbency, and protection. From the absorbent core to the back sheet, each component plays a crucial role in ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the product. Understanding these materials helps consumers make informed choices and highlights the importance of quality in personal care products.